Education pays.
At least, that's what Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows. Higher degree holders earn more and experience lower unemployment rates than those without degrees or with lesser degrees. On a weekly basis, master's degree holders earn over $500 more than the median for all U.S. workers over age 25, and doctoral degree holders earn about $850 more than that median. Professional degree holders like doctors, lawyers, and veterinarians earn even more, at nearly $870 more than the median.
However, advanced degrees often cost significant funds to obtain. A year of graduate tuition and fees cost about $19,750 for the 2020-21 academic year, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. The average at private institutions was even more, at $26,620 per year. Some programs offer assistantships or fellowships that offset those costs, but many students will be on the hook for paying or borrowing tens or hundreds of thousands of dollars.
Other data from the center, released in July 2023, shows that nearly 3 in 4 graduate students received financial aid in the 2019-20 academic year, in amounts averaging about $25,300.
The catch? Much of the aid doled out to graduate students is in loans. Graduate students who took out loans averaged $26,000, compared to an average of $11,300 in grant funds among recipients. A Center for American Progress analysis found that graduate debt rose from 2010-11 to 2017-18 while undergraduate debt fell, and the share of student debt accumulated by graduate students rose to 40%.
Is the higher pay worth the cost? That's up to prospective graduate students to decide. Using Bureau of Labor Statistics data, Stacker compiled a list of the highest-paying jobs that require a graduate degree in Cleveland, painting a clearer picture of the earnings potential. Jobs listed here require a master's, doctorate, or other professional degree and are ranked by their median annual pay as of May 2022. Any jobs without annual compensation figures available were excluded from this analysis.
Read on to see what a graduate degree could earn you in Cleveland.
This story features data reporting and writing by Paxtyn Merten and is part of a series utilizing data automation across 366 metros.
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#50. Psychology teachers, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $76,660
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 150 people (0.15 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
Gorodenkoff // Shutterstock
2 / 50#49. Computer science teachers, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $77,500
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 200 people (0.2 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
VH-studio // Shutterstock
3 / 50#48. School psychologists
- Median annual wage: $77,750
- Median hourly wage: $37.38
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 370 people (0.38 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
voronaman // Shutterstock
4 / 50#47. Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $78,120
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 110 people (0.11 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
Jacob Lund // Shutterstock
5 / 50#46. Biological science teachers, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $78,210
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 200 people (0.2 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
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Gorodenkoff // Shutterstock
6 / 50#45. Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $79,590
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 240 people (0.24 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#44. History teachers, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $79,910
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 70 people (0.07 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
Matej Kastelic // Shutterstock
8 / 50#43. Business teachers, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $79,930
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 1,640 people (1.66 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#42. Postsecondary teachers, all other
- Median annual wage: $79,960
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 1,190 people (1.21 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#41. Orthotists and prosthetists
- Median annual wage: $80,000
- Median hourly wage: $38.46
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 120 people (0.12 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
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#40. Statisticians
- Median annual wage: $80,040
- Median hourly wage: $38.48
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 110 people (0.11 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
Jacob Lund // Shutterstock
12 / 50#39. Education administrators, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $81,090
- Median hourly wage: $38.99
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 1,030 people (1.04 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
BlurryMe // Shutterstock
13 / 50#38. Healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners, all other
- Median annual wage: $81,290
- Median hourly wage: $39.08
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 250 people (0.25 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#37. Audiologists
- Median annual wage: $81,360
- Median hourly wage: $39.11
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 120 people (0.12 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
Sebastian Duda // Shutterstock
15 / 50#36. Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates
- Median annual wage: $84,120
- Median hourly wage: $40.44
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 520 people (0.53 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Short-term on-the-job training
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Gorodenkoff // Shutterstock
16 / 50#35. Medical scientists, except epidemiologists
- Median annual wage: $84,410
- Median hourly wage: $40.58
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 320 people (0.32 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#34. Speech-language pathologists
- Median annual wage: $91,970
- Median hourly wage: $44.22
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 1,390 people (1.41 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
Worawee Meepian // Shutterstock
18 / 50#33. Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers
- Median annual wage: $98,490
- Median hourly wage: $47.35
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 70 people (0.07 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Short-term on-the-job training
ABO PHOTOGRAPHY // Shutterstock
19 / 50#32. Occupational therapists
- Median annual wage: $100,220
- Median hourly wage: $48.19
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 1,040 people (1.06 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
Aykut Erdogdu // Shutterstock
20 / 50#31. Physical therapists
- Median annual wage: $101,220
- Median hourly wage: $48.67
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 1,650 people (1.67 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
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KSai23 // Shutterstock
21 / 50#30. Chiropractors
- Median annual wage: $101,520
- Median hourly wage: $48.81
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 130 people (0.14 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
GaudiLab // Shutterstock
22 / 50#29. Engineering teachers, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $101,890
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 90 people (0.09 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#28. Education administrators, kindergarten through secondary
- Median annual wage: $103,270
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 1,880 people (1.9 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
Petekub // Shutterstock
24 / 50#27. Economists
- Median annual wage: $103,280
- Median hourly wage: $49.65
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 50 people (0.05 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
fizkes // Shutterstock
25 / 50#26. Clinical and counseling psychologists
- Median annual wage: $103,340
- Median hourly wage: $49.68
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 350 people (0.36 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
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#25. Veterinarians
- Median annual wage: $106,270
- Median hourly wage: $51.09
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 500 people (0.5 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
Stokkete // Shutterstock
27 / 50#24. Physician assistants
- Median annual wage: $110,620
- Median hourly wage: $53.18
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 610 people (0.62 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#22. Lawyers (tie)
- Median annual wage: $111,590
- Median hourly wage: $53.65
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 5,460 people (5.53 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#22. Psychologists, all other (tie)
- Median annual wage: $111,590
- Median hourly wage: $53.65
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 90 people (0.09 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
indukas // Shutterstock
30 / 50Monkey Business Images // Shutterstock
31 / 50#20. Nurse practitioners
- Median annual wage: $127,240
- Median hourly wage: $61.17
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 1,930 people (1.95 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#19. Podiatrists
- Median annual wage: $128,140
- Median hourly wage: $61.61
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 100 people (0.1 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
Ground Picture // Shutterstock
33 / 50#18. Law teachers, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $128,280
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 110 people (0.11 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
Kzenon // Shutterstock
34 / 50#17. Optometrists
- Median annual wage: $131,570
- Median hourly wage: $63.25
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: Not available
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#16. Dentists, general
- Median annual wage: $133,440
- Median hourly wage: $64.15
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 960 people (0.97 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
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antoniodiaz // Shutterstock
36 / 50#15. Nurse midwives
- Median annual wage: $134,620
- Median hourly wage: $64.72
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 50 people (0.05 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#14. Pharmacists
- Median annual wage: $135,870
- Median hourly wage: $65.32
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 2,820 people (2.86 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#13. Health specialties teachers, postsecondary
- Median annual wage: $167,960
- Median hourly wage: Not available
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 1,200 people (1.22 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#12. Nurse anesthetists
- Median annual wage: $178,290
- Median hourly wage: $85.72
- Education required: Master's degree
- Total employment: 590 people (0.6 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: None
#11. Orthodontists
- Median annual wage: $186,120
- Median hourly wage: $89.48
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 170 people (0.17 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
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#10. Dentists, all other specialists
- Median annual wage: $194,040
- Median hourly wage: $93.29
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 40 people (0.04 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
Natee K Jindakum // Shutterstock
42 / 50#9. Physicians, pathologists
- Median annual wage: $215,580
- Median hourly wage: $103.64
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 30 people (0.03 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
#8. Pediatricians, general
- Median annual wage: $237,480
- Median hourly wage: $114.17
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 530 people (0.54 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
#1. Anesthesiologists (tie)
- Median annual wage: Exact median salary unknown; at least $239,200 per year or $115 per hour
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 320 people (0.33 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
Komsan Loonprom // Shutterstock
45 / 50#1. Cardiologists (tie)
- Median annual wage: Exact median salary unknown; at least $239,200 per year or $115 per hour
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 40 people (0.04 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
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Dmytro Zinkevych // Shutterstock
46 / 50#1. Dermatologists (tie)
- Median annual wage: Exact median salary unknown; at least $239,200 per year or $115 per hour
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 70 people (0.07 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
#1. Obstetricians and gynecologists (tie)
- Median annual wage: Exact median salary unknown; at least $239,200 per year or $115 per hour
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: Not available
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
LightField Studios // Shutterstock
48 / 50#1. Psychiatrists (tie)
- Median annual wage: Exact median salary unknown; at least $239,200 per year or $115 per hour
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 90 people (0.09 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
4 PM production // Shutterstock
49 / 50#1. Ophthalmologists, except pediatric (tie)
- Median annual wage: Exact median salary unknown; at least $239,200 per year or $115 per hour
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 710 people (0.72 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
Roman Zaiets // Shutterstock
50 / 50#1. Orthopedic surgeons, except pediatric (tie)
- Median annual wage: Exact median salary unknown; at least $239,200 per year or $115 per hour
- Education required: Doctoral or professional degree
- Total employment: 50 people (0.05 of every 1,000 jobs in the area)
- Required on-the-job training to attain competency: Internship/residency
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