There were over 2.1 million pay phones in the U.S. at their peak in 1999, but now the technology is mostly relegated to nostalgia. Few wall-mounted pay phones linger in strip malls, and the silver and blue phone booths are mostly gone from the busy streets they once dotted in many parts of the U.S. Pay phones have become so rare that the FCC stopped requiring audits of them in 2018.
Spokeo used data from the Federal Communications Commission to explore the fall of pay phones across the United States. States are ranked by the percentage decline in the number of pay phones between 2000 and 2016. For ties, the number of pay phones remaining in the state was next used to rank.
Though no longer updated, the available data paints a picture of the pay phone's sharp decline.
The disappearance of this once-ubiquitous technology makes sense. According to the Pew Research Center, about 98% of U.S. adults own a cellphone today, most of whom specifically own smartphones.
Pay phones can be especially useful in areas where cell service falls short. These include national parks, certain hospitals, and around the U.S. border. Pay phone connections can also hold steady when natural disasters disrupt cell service, and operators report increased usage during disasters.
Most states saw the number of pay phones decline by over 90% between 2000 and 2016, but one outlier stood out: Hawai'i. The island state saw the number of pay phones drop by about 60%. A spokesperson for Hawaiian Telcom, the leading pay phone operator in the state, told the Honolulu Civil Beat that national trends may simply be taking longer to play out.
Other telecommunications experts think tourism plays a role as international travelers visiting the state may find it cheaper to make a pay phone call than pay mobile fees for calling from the U.S. Based on International Trade Association data, and relative to its residential population, Hawai'i has the highest number of international travelers, receiving about 67 global visitors for every 100 residents in 2022.
A national look
As of 2016, under 100,000 pay phones remained in the U.S., a 95% decline from 2000, when there were over 2 million. This number has likely shrunk significantly since the FCC last collected the data.
In 2016, New York state accounted for 1 in 5 of the country's remaining pay phones, but many have since been converted for new purposes. New York City removed its last public pay phone in May 2022. The boxy enclosures were once an iconic symbol across the city, but the rise of cellphones made them obsolete. Many of the city's former phone booth locations have since been transformed into LinkNYC kiosks, which offer free phone calls, Wi-Fi and device charging.
Read on to find out how pay phones have declined in every state and Washington D.C. during the 2000s and 2010s.
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2 / 52#51. Hawai'i
- 59.6% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 3,615 (253.2 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 8,943 in 2000 (736.9 phones per 100K people)
Sean Pavone // Shutterstock
3 / 52#50. West Virginia
- 85.7% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,678 (91.6 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 11,704 in 2000 (647.7 phones per 100K people)
Little Vignettes Photo // Shutterstock
4 / 52#49. New York
- 87.9% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 20,716 (105.5 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 171,098 in 2000 (900.4 phones per 100K people)
#48. Nebraska
- 88.1% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,150 (60.3 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 9,668 in 2000 (564.1 phones per 100K people)
Joseph Sohm // Shutterstock
6 / 52#47. Alaska
- 90.4% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 440 (59.3 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 4,583 in 2000 (729.8 phones per 100K people)
Jacob Boomsma // Shutterstock
7 / 52#46. Nevada
- 92.9% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,235 (42.3 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 17,504 in 2000 (867.1 phones per 100K people)
ESB Professional // Shutterstock
8 / 52#45. Pennsylvania
- 93.1% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 6,224 (48.7 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 90,603 in 2000 (737.6 phones per 100K people)
#44. Minnesota
- 93.6% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,073 (19.4 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 16,831 in 2000 (341.1 phones per 100K people)
Grindstone Media Group // Shutterstock
10 / 52#43. Iowa
- 93.7% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 700 (22.4 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 11,183 in 2000 (381.8 phones per 100K people)
Helga_foto // Shutterstock
11 / 52#42. California
- 93.8% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 16,683 (42.6 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 267,956 in 2000 (788.4 phones per 100K people)
JWCohen // Shutterstock
12 / 52#41. Idaho
- 93.9% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 418 (24.8 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 6,854 in 2000 (527.5 phones per 100K people)
Erika J Mitchell // Shutterstock
13 / 52#40. Vermont
- 94.6% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 204 (32.7 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 3,761 in 2000 (616.9 phones per 100K people)
C Model // Shutterstock
14 / 52#39. Wyoming
- 94.8% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 201 (34.4 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 3,868 in 2000 (782.5 phones per 100K people)
Gian Sapienza Photography // Shutterstock
15 / 52#38. Arizona
- 94.9% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,695 (24.4 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 33,363 in 2000 (646.5 phones per 100K people)
Yinspire // Shutterstock
16 / 52#37. Washington
- 95% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,730 (23.7 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 34,368 in 2000 (581.5 phones per 100K people)
Josemaria Toscano // Shutterstock
17 / 52#36. Oregon
- 95% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,076 (26.3 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 21,659 in 2000 (631.5 phones per 100K people)
Joe Belanger // Shutterstock
18 / 52#35. Texas
- 95.3% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 7,006 (25.1 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 147,720 in 2000 (705.3 phones per 100K people)
Maciej Bledowski // Shutterstock
19 / 52#34. Utah
- 95.3% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 542 (17.8 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 11,466 in 2000 (510.8 phones per 100K people)
#33. Colorado
- 95.4% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,246 (22.5 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 27,035 in 2000 (624.8 phones per 100K people)
f11photo // Shutterstock
21 / 52#32. Kentucky
- 95.4% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 880 (19.8 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 19,233 in 2000 (475 phones per 100K people)
Jacob Boomsma // Shutterstock
22 / 52#31. North Dakota
- 95.5% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 113 (15 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 2,507 in 2000 (390.5 phones per 100K people)
Wangkun Jia // Shutterstock
23 / 52#30. New Hampshire
- 95.5% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 364 (27.1 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 8,132 in 2000 (655.9 phones per 100K people)
Richard Cavalleri // Shutterstock
24 / 52#29. Massachusetts
- 95.7% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 2,268 (33.2 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 53,034 in 2000 (833.7 phones per 100K people)
Joseph Sohm // Shutterstock
25 / 52#28. Maine
- 95.8% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 317 (23.8 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 7,496 in 2000 (587 phones per 100K people)
Jon Bilous // Shutterstock
26 / 52#27. Montana
- 95.8% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 245 (23.5 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 5,884 in 2000 (651 phones per 100K people)
Vincent DeMilio // Shutterstock
27 / 52#26. New Jersey
- 96.3% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 3,517 (39.6 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 95,781 in 2000 (1136.1 phones per 100K people)
mTaira // Shutterstock
28 / 52#25. Ohio
- 96.4% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 2,540 (21.8 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 71,266 in 2000 (627.1 phones per 100K people)
Joseph Sohm // Shutterstock
29 / 52#24. Illinois
- 96.8% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 3,423 (26.7 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 106,368 in 2000 (855.4 phones per 100K people)
Jesse Stephens // Shutterstock
30 / 52#23. Arkansas
- 96.9% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 530 (17.7 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 16,954 in 2000 (632.9 phones per 100K people)
Tony Savino // Shutterstock
31 / 52#22. Wisconsin
- 96.9% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,104 (19.1 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 35,383 in 2000 (658.4 phones per 100K people)
#21. Delaware
- 96.9% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 175 (18.4 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 5,694 in 2000 (724.1 phones per 100K people)
Kevin Ruck // Shutterstock
33 / 52#20. North Carolina
- 97% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,401 (13.8 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 45,943 in 2000 (568.5 phones per 100K people)
KYPhua // Shutterstock
34 / 52#19. Indiana
- 97% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,286 (19.4 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 42,429 in 2000 (696.5 phones per 100K people)
Del Harper // Shutterstock
35 / 52#18. Florida
- 97% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 3,605 (17.5 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 119,207 in 2000 (742.8 phones per 100K people)
Kurt Nichols // Shutterstock
36 / 52#17. South Dakota
- 97.2% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 119 (13.8 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 4,326 in 2000 (572.3 phones per 100K people)
Lynda McFaul // Shutterstock
37 / 52#16. New Mexico
- 97.3% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 306 (14.6 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 11,374 in 2000 (624.5 phones per 100K people)
Jacob Boomsma // Shutterstock
38 / 52#15. Kansas
- 97.4% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 446 (15.3 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 16,949 in 2000 (629.2 phones per 100K people)
Sean Pavone // Shutterstock
39 / 52#14. Rhode Island
- 97.4% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 235 (22.2 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 8,935 in 2000 (850.7 phones per 100K people)
Real Window Creative // Shutterstock
40 / 52#13. Maryland
- 97.5% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,074 (17.9 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 43,336 in 2000 (816 phones per 100K people)
Orhan Cam // Shutterstock
41 / 52#12. Washington DC
- 97.6% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 257 (37.5 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 10,505 in 2000 (1836.4 phones per 100K people)
Steve Heap // Shutterstock
42 / 52#11. Virginia
- 97.6% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,405 (16.7 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 57,621 in 2000 (810.9 phones per 100K people)
Critical Labz // Shutterstock
43 / 52#10. Alabama
- 97.7% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 546 (11.2 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 24,237 in 2000 (544.4 phones per 100K people)
Fang Deng // Shutterstock
44 / 52#9. South Carolina
- 97.9% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 611 (12.3 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 28,444 in 2000 (706.8 phones per 100K people)
photo.ua // Shutterstock
45 / 52#8. Missouri
- 98% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 861 (14.1 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 42,510 in 2000 (758.1 phones per 100K people)
Sean Pavone // Shutterstock
46 / 52#7. Connecticut
- 98% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 515 (14.4 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 25,941 in 2000 (760.3 phones per 100K people)
WorldStock // Shutterstock
47 / 52#6. Oklahoma
- 98% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 511 (13 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 26,164 in 2000 (757.4 phones per 100K people)
#5. Louisiana
- 98.1% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 539 (11.5 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 27,835 in 2000 (622.4 phones per 100K people)
Brian Wilson Photography // Shutterstock
49 / 52#4. Tennessee
- 98.4% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 637 (9.6 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 38,929 in 2000 (682.5 phones per 100K people)
Wirestock Creators // Shutterstock
50 / 52#3. Georgia
- 98.4% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 995 (9.7 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 61,519 in 2000 (747.7 phones per 100K people)
Gerald Bernard // Shutterstock
51 / 52#2. Michigan
- 98.6% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 1,187 (11.9 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 83,159 in 2000 (835.6 phones per 100K people)
Sean Pavone // Shutterstock
52 / 52#1. Mississippi
- 98.8% decline in number of pay phones
- Number of pay phones remaining in 2016: 188 (6.3 phones per 100K people)
--- Down from 16,201 in 2000 (568.8 phones per 100K people)
Story editing by Alizah Salario. Copy editing by Kristen Wegrzyn.
