Wealth varies widely across all 50 states of America, and events of recent years—the COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedented inflation, and rising interest rates—have contributed to further fluctuations. But according to recent data from the Census Bureau, the official poverty rate held steady between 2021 and 2022. For Black Americans, the rate decreased to just over 17%, the lowest on record.
These numbers tell just part of the country's slow bounce back from the economic downturn caused by the pandemic. Though many continue to struggle with the damaging effects of inflation and high interest rates, surveys from Pew Research have found that wealth in the average U.S. household actually increased by 37% between 2019 and 2022, another sign that the economy across the country could be on the upswing.
To see how these numbers vary nationwide, Stacker looked at the economies of all 50 states and Washington D.C, with statistics from the Census Bureau's 1-Year American Community Survey used to rank them according to median household income in 2021. The review also includes statistics on median earnings, unemployment rate, health insurance coverage, and poverty level.
Note: The data point on median earnings is broken down to highlight the discrepancies between women and men. However, the Census collects data with a binary understanding of sex and gender, not considering other gender identities and potentially conflating sex and gender.
You may also like: Incomes increase by up to 30% from pre-pandemic levels in some US cities
#51. Mississippi
- Median household income: $48,716 (30.1% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 105,133 (9.30%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 40,061 (3.50%)
- Median earnings for workers: $32,242 (men: $47,546; women: $37,056)
- Unemployment rate: 6.40%
- Families with income below poverty level: 14.40%
- Households with health insurance: 88.10%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
2 / 51#50. West Virginia
- Median household income: $51,248 (26.5% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 60,933 (8.40%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 31,442 (4.40%)
- Median earnings for workers: $33,739 (men: $51,981; women: $39,897)
- Unemployment rate: 6.20%
- Families with income below poverty level: 12.30%
- Households with health insurance: 93.90%
Pierre Jean Durieu // Getty Images
3 / 51#49. Louisiana
- Median household income: $52,087 (25.3% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 164,981 (9.20%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 101,388 (5.70%)
- Median earnings for workers: $34,896 (men: $55,078; women: $40,136)
- Unemployment rate: 7.60%
- Families with income below poverty level: 15.20%
- Households with health insurance: 92.40%
Eduardo Medrano // Getty Images
4 / 51#48. Arkansas
- Median household income: $52,528 (24.7% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 89,818 (7.60%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 55,972 (4.70%)
- Median earnings for workers: $33,869 (men: $47,329; women: $39,526)
- Unemployment rate: 5.50%
- Families with income below poverty level: 11.60%
- Households with health insurance: 90.80%
Kevin Ruck // Getty Images
5 / 51#47. Alabama
- Median household income: $53,913 (22.7% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 152,450 (7.70%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 101,831 (5.20%)
- Median earnings for workers: $34,925 (men: $52,177; women: $39,338)
- Unemployment rate: 5.30%
- Families with income below poverty level: 11.70%
- Households with health insurance: 90.10%
You may also like: Small business industries that are itching to hire
gmeland // Getty Images
6 / 51#46. New Mexico
- Median household income: $53,992 (22.6% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 75,083 (9.00%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 48,458 (5.80%)
- Median earnings for workers: $34,133 (men: $51,149; women: $43,227)
- Unemployment rate: 7.80%
- Families with income below poverty level: 14.30%
- Households with health insurance: 90.00%
Alexey Stiop // Getty Images
7 / 51#45. Kentucky
- Median household income: $55,573 (20.3% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 144,592 (8.10%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 92,250 (5.20%)
- Median earnings for workers: $34,928 (men: $51,842; women: $40,991)
- Unemployment rate: 5.40%
- Families with income below poverty level: 12.20%
- Households with health insurance: 94.30%
Paul Brady Photography // Getty Images
8 / 51#44. Oklahoma
- Median household income: $55,826 (19.9% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 105,917 (6.80%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 77,228 (5.00%)
- Median earnings for workers: $34,460 (men: $51,289; women: $39,781)
- Unemployment rate: 5.90%
- Families with income below poverty level: 11.50%
- Households with health insurance: 86.20%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
9 / 51#43. South Carolina
- Median household income: $59,318 (14.9% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 144,668 (7.10%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 122,320 (6.00%)
- Median earnings for workers: $35,987 (men: $52,296; women: $40,739)
- Unemployment rate: 5.60%
- Families with income below poverty level: 10.80%
- Households with health insurance: 90.00%
Kevin Ruck // Getty Images
10 / 51#42. Tennessee
- Median household income: $59,695 (14.4% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 181,576 (6.60%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 175,898 (6.30%)
- Median earnings for workers: $36,663 (men: $51,538; women: $41,863)
- Unemployment rate: 5.30%
- Families with income below poverty level: 9.70%
- Households with health insurance: 90.00%
You may also like: What kinds of mobile apps are performing the best?
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
11 / 51#41. Missouri
- Median household income: $61,847 (11.3% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 146,475 (5.90%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 157,589 (6.40%)
- Median earnings for workers: $37,083 (men: $54,140; women: $43,065)
- Unemployment rate: 4.60%
- Families with income below poverty level: 8.40%
- Households with health insurance: 90.60%
#40. North Carolina
- Median household income: $61,972 (11.1% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 265,655 (6.40%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 308,936 (7.40%)
- Median earnings for workers: $37,218 (men: $52,421; women: $44,297)
- Unemployment rate: 5.80%
- Families with income below poverty level: 9.40%
- Households with health insurance: 89.60%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
13 / 51#39. Ohio
- Median household income: $62,262 (10.7% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 317,928 (6.60%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 312,314 (6.50%)
- Median earnings for workers: $38,214 (men: $57,177; women: $46,068)
- Unemployment rate: 5.40%
- Families with income below poverty level: 9.40%
- Households with health insurance: 93.50%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
14 / 51#38. Indiana
- Median household income: $62,743 (10.0% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 151,979 (5.70%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 152,761 (5.70%)
- Median earnings for workers: $37,998 (men: $55,191; women: $43,215)
- Unemployment rate: 4.70%
- Families with income below poverty level: 8.30%
- Households with health insurance: 92.50%
Noah Densmore // Getty Images
15 / 51#37. Florida
- Median household income: $63,062 (9.5% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 542,819 (6.30%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 663,997 (7.80%)
- Median earnings for workers: $35,997 (men: $51,151; women: $42,228)
- Unemployment rate: 5.60%
- Families with income below poverty level: 9.40%
- Households with health insurance: 87.90%
You may also like: Data breaches skyrocketed in the first half of 2023. See where they happened most
Jacob Boomsma // Getty Images
16 / 51#36. Montana
- Median household income: $63,249 (9.3% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 23,195 (5.20%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 30,784 (6.90%)
- Median earnings for workers: $35,272 (men: $55,496; women: $41,725)
- Unemployment rate: 4.00%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.20%
- Households with health insurance: 91.80%
Hanson L // Getty Images
17 / 51#35. Michigan
- Median household income: $63,498 (8.9% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 256,830 (6.30%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 273,320 (6.70%)
- Median earnings for workers: $37,258 (men: $60,293; women: $46,914)
- Unemployment rate: 6.90%
- Families with income below poverty level: 9.00%
- Households with health insurance: 95.00%
Jacob Boomsma // Getty Images
18 / 51#34. Kansas
- Median household income: $64,124 (8.0% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 65,819 (5.70%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 74,933 (6.50%)
- Median earnings for workers: $38,071 (men: $54,902; women: $44,368)
- Unemployment rate: 4.40%
- Families with income below poverty level: 8.00%
- Households with health insurance: 90.80%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
19 / 51#33. Maine
- Median household income: $64,767 (7.1% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 32,174 (5.40%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 39,832 (6.70%)
- Median earnings for workers: $39,725 (men: $57,009; women: $47,018)
- Unemployment rate: 4.90%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.20%
- Households with health insurance: 94.30%
haveseen // Getty Images
20 / 51#32. Wyoming
- Median household income: $65,204 (6.5% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 14,659 (6.00%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 14,179 (5.80%)
- Median earnings for workers: $35,613 (men: $59,853; women: $40,976)
- Unemployment rate: 3.70%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.80%
- Households with health insurance: 87.80%
You may also like: How to hire remote workers
f11photo // Getty Images
21 / 51#31. Iowa
- Median household income: $65,600 (5.9% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 64,244 (4.90%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 81,020 (6.20%)
- Median earnings for workers: $39,068 (men: $56,427; women: $44,801)
- Unemployment rate: 3.60%
- Families with income below poverty level: 6.90%
- Households with health insurance: 95.20%
Mendenhall Olga // Getty Images
22 / 51#30. South Dakota
- Median household income: $66,143 (5.1% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 17,158 (4.80%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 20,292 (5.70%)
- Median earnings for workers: $37,149 (men: $52,405; women: $41,792)
- Unemployment rate: 2.80%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.90%
- Households with health insurance: 90.50%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
23 / 51#29. Nevada
- Median household income: $66,274 (4.9% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 85,960 (7.20%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 89,881 (7.50%)
- Median earnings for workers: $37,052 (men: $52,398; women: $44,906)
- Unemployment rate: 9.70%
- Families with income below poverty level: 10.60%
- Households with health insurance: 88.40%
Charles Knowles // Getty Images
24 / 51#28. Idaho
- Median household income: $66,474 (4.7% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 30,955 (4.50%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 45,347 (6.50%)
- Median earnings for workers: $34,941 (men: $51,941; women: $40,803)
- Unemployment rate: 3.30%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.70%
- Households with health insurance: 91.20%
Jacob Boomsma // Getty Images
25 / 51#27. North Dakota
- Median household income: $66,519 (4.6% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 18,213 (5.60%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 19,407 (6.00%)
- Median earnings for workers: $39,438 (men: $57,121; women: $45,182)
- Unemployment rate: 2.90%
- Families with income below poverty level: 6.30%
- Households with health insurance: 92.10%
You may also like: Car insurance costs are rising faster than overall inflation—here's a closer look
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
26 / 51#26. Georgia
- Median household income: $66,559 (4.5% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 251,693 (6.30%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 337,914 (8.40%)
- Median earnings for workers: $37,512 (men: $54,422; women: $45,405)
- Unemployment rate: 5.50%
- Families with income below poverty level: 10.60%
- Households with health insurance: 87.40%
Jacob Boomsma // Getty Images
27 / 51#25. Nebraska
- Median household income: $66,817 (4.2% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 40,806 (5.20%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 53,061 (6.80%)
- Median earnings for workers: $38,898 (men: $56,121; women: $44,037)
- Unemployment rate: 2.70%
- Families with income below poverty level: 6.70%
- Households with health insurance: 92.90%
Joe Belanger // Getty Images
28 / 51#24. Texas
- Median household income: $66,963 (4.0% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 657,665 (6.10%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 955,952 (8.90%)
- Median earnings for workers: $38,059 (men: $56,100; women: $45,393)
- Unemployment rate: 6.20%
- Families with income below poverty level: 11.00%
- Households with health insurance: 82.00%
f11photo // Getty Images
29 / 51#23. Wisconsin
- Median household income: $67,125 (3.7% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 117,547 (4.80%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 160,477 (6.60%)
- Median earnings for workers: $40,678 (men: $57,925; women: $46,762)
- Unemployment rate: 3.50%
- Families with income below poverty level: 6.80%
- Households with health insurance: 94.60%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
30 / 51#22. Pennsylvania
- Median household income: $68,957 (1.1% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 308,449 (5.90%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 454,003 (8.70%)
- Median earnings for workers: $40,983 (men: $62,096; women: $50,272)
- Unemployment rate: 6.40%
- Families with income below poverty level: 8.30%
- Households with health insurance: 94.50%
You may also like: The small business sector is alive in these counties
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
31 / 51#21. Arizona
- Median household income: $69,056 (0.9% less than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 158,400 (5.60%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 228,651 (8.10%)
- Median earnings for workers: $39,023 (men: $55,458; women: $46,309)
- Unemployment rate: 5.80%
- Families with income below poverty level: 9.10%
- Households with health insurance: 89.30%
Real Window Creative // Getty Images
32 / 51#20. Delaware
- Median household income: $71,091 (2.0% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 20,504 (5.20%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 33,025 (8.30%)
- Median earnings for workers: $41,374 (men: $60,608; women: $51,827)
- Unemployment rate: 5.60%
- Families with income below poverty level: 8.60%
- Households with health insurance: 94.30%
Josemaria Toscano // Getty Images
33 / 51#19. Oregon
- Median household income: $71,562 (2.6% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 90,749 (5.30%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 153,152 (9.00%)
- Median earnings for workers: $40,063 (men: $60,831; women: $51,057)
- Unemployment rate: 6.40%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.60%
- Households with health insurance: 93.90%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
34 / 51#18. Illinois
- Median household income: $72,205 (3.6% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 321,928 (6.40%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 504,727 (10.10%)
- Median earnings for workers: $41,504 (men: $63,819; women: $51,131)
- Unemployment rate: 7.40%
- Families with income below poverty level: 8.60%
- Households with health insurance: 93.00%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
35 / 51#17. Vermont
- Median household income: $72,431 (3.9% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 10,992 (4.10%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 23,553 (8.70%)
- Median earnings for workers: $40,249 (men: $55,803; women: $51,931)
- Unemployment rate: 4.20%
- Families with income below poverty level: 6.30%
- Households with health insurance: 96.30%
You may also like: 6 ways digital accessibility is good for business
ESB Professional // Getty Images
36 / 51#16. Rhode Island
- Median household income: $74,008 (6.2% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 25,735 (5.80%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 45,324 (10.30%)
- Median earnings for workers: $41,891 (men: $63,219; women: $54,188)
- Unemployment rate: 7.70%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.00%
- Households with health insurance: 95.70%
oneinchpunch // Getty Images
37 / 51#15. New York
- Median household income: $74,314 (6.6% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 535,006 (7.00%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 987,887 (12.90%)
- Median earnings for workers: $43,462 (men: $67,512; women: $59,869)
- Unemployment rate: 8.70%
- Families with income below poverty level: 10.10%
- Households with health insurance: 94.80%
f11photo // Getty Images
38 / 51#14. Minnesota
- Median household income: $77,720 (11.5% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 96,651 (4.20%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 226,903 (9.90%)
- Median earnings for workers: $43,853 (men: $64,611; women: $52,535)
- Unemployment rate: 4.90%
- Families with income below poverty level: 5.50%
- Households with health insurance: 95.50%
SCStock // Getty Images
39 / 51#13. Alaska
- Median household income: $77,845 (11.7% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 14,625 (5.40%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 27,700 (10.20%)
- Median earnings for workers: $41,962 (men: $62,134; women: $55,285)
- Unemployment rate: 7.00%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.10%
- Households with health insurance: 88.60%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
40 / 51#12. Utah
- Median household income: $79,449 (14.0% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 47,612 (4.30%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 108,131 (9.80%)
- Median earnings for workers: $37,325 (men: $61,269; women: $44,707)
- Unemployment rate: 3.50%
- Families with income below poverty level: 5.90%
- Households with health insurance: 91.00%
You may also like: Strawberries, lettuce, and other groceries that rose in price in November
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
41 / 51#11. Virginia
- Median household income: $80,963 (16.1% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 167,157 (5.00%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 445,751 (13.40%)
- Median earnings for workers: $43,963 (men: $66,014; women: $53,414)
- Unemployment rate: 4.80%
- Families with income below poverty level: 6.90%
- Households with health insurance: 93.20%
Andrew Zarivny // Getty Images
42 / 51#10. Colorado
- Median household income: $82,254 (18.0% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 110,592 (4.80%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 277,905 (12.00%)
- Median earnings for workers: $44,818 (men: $65,217; women: $54,635)
- Unemployment rate: 5.30%
- Families with income below poverty level: 6.20%
- Households with health insurance: 92.00%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
43 / 51#9. Connecticut
- Median household income: $83,771 (20.2% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 74,573 (5.20%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 208,195 (14.60%)
- Median earnings for workers: $45,511 (men: $73,022; women: $60,672)
- Unemployment rate: 6.70%
- Families with income below poverty level: 6.70%
- Households with health insurance: 94.80%
Agnieszka Gaul // Getty Images
44 / 51#8. Washington
- Median household income: $84,247 (20.8% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 145,555 (4.80%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 422,689 (14.00%)
- Median earnings for workers: $46,951 (men: $74,068; women: $57,567)
- Unemployment rate: 5.90%
- Families with income below poverty level: 6.50%
- Households with health insurance: 93.60%
Izabela23 // Getty Images
45 / 51#7. Hawaii
- Median household income: $84,857 (21.7% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 26,535 (5.40%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 65,102 (13.30%)
- Median earnings for workers: $40,595 (men: $61,812; women: $49,816)
- Unemployment rate: 7.70%
- Families with income below poverty level: 8.00%
- Households with health insurance: 96.10%
You may also like: Which large US cities have grown the most since 2016?
Lucky-photographer // Getty Images
46 / 51#6. California
- Median household income: $84,907 (21.8% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 715,644 (5.30%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 2,082,043 (15.50%)
- Median earnings for workers: $41,891 (men: $65,324; women: $57,373)
- Unemployment rate: 8.30%
- Families with income below poverty level: 9.00%
- Households with health insurance: 93.00%
Winston Tan // Getty Images
47 / 51#5. New Hampshire
- Median household income: $88,465 (26.9% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 17,235 (3.10%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 62,138 (11.30%)
- Median earnings for workers: $45,677 (men: $68,566; women: $51,880)
- Unemployment rate: 3.60%
- Families with income below poverty level: 4.80%
- Households with health insurance: 94.90%
Mia2you // Getty Images
48 / 51#4. New Jersey
- Median household income: $89,296 (28.1% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 171,737 (4.90%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 584,370 (16.70%)
- Median earnings for workers: $50,021 (men: $75,297; women: $61,802)
- Unemployment rate: 8.10%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.40%
- Households with health insurance: 92.80%
Travellaggio // Getty Images
49 / 51#3. Massachusetts
- Median household income: $89,645 (28.6% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 149,006 (5.40%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 472,304 (17.10%)
- Median earnings for workers: $50,683 (men: $77,636; women: $66,536)
- Unemployment rate: 6.60%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.10%
- Households with health insurance: 97.50%
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
50 / 51#2. Washington D.C.
- Median household income: $90,088 (29.2% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 30,677 (9.60%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 68,951 (21.60%)
- Median earnings for workers: $72,457 (men: $103,222; women: $87,244)
- Unemployment rate: 8.20%
- Families with income below poverty level: 12.80%
- Households with health insurance: 96.30%
You may also like: How to track business expenses in 6 simple steps
Sean Pavone // Getty Images
51 / 51#1. Maryland
- Median household income: $90,203 (29.4% more than U.S. median income)
- Households earning less than $10,000: 122,990 (5.20%)
- Households earning over $200,000: 355,084 (15.10%)
- Median earnings for workers: $50,548 (men: $71,995; women: $62,190)
- Unemployment rate: 5.90%
- Families with income below poverty level: 7.40%
- Households with health insurance: 93.90%
Additional writing by Cu Fleshman.